Rockville is a census-designated place and a village of the town of Vernon in Tolland County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 7,708 at the 2000 census. Incorporated as a city in 1889, it has been consolidated with the town of Vernon since 1965.
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According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.8 square miles (4.7 km2), of which, 1.7 square miles (4.4 km2) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km2) of it (1.70%) is water.
In 1726, Samuel Grant traded his farm in Bolton for 500 acres (2.0 km2) in the northern part of Bolton. This included the area which is now known as "Rockville" and for about the next century it was a nameless village. A prominent feature of the area is the Shenipsit Lake, or "The Snip" as it is currently affectionately called by the residents. The Snip feeds the Hockanum River which cascades 254 feet over 1.5 miles (2.4 km). The river was used by the farmers for a grist mill, a saw mill, an oil mill and even a distillery starting around 1740.
In 1821, Colonel Francis McLean built the first textile mill in what is now Rockville in partnership with George and Allyn Kellogg and Ralph Talcott, next to a spot known as "the Rock" with capital of $16,000. Francis McLean had partnered previously with some others in the Warburton Mill in Talcottville. "The Rock" was a natural dam of solid stone that made a high falls on the Hockanum River. In what is now the center of Rockville, he dammed up the Hockanum River and built a water powered mill known as the "Rock Mill", which was possibly also known as the McLean Woolen Factory. By 1823 his mill was in full operation. The new mill was 80 by 30 feet, and its product was blue and blue-mix satinet. In 1826 power looms were introduced.
The mill attracted people to this area and by 1836 the population grew to 440 consisting of 61 families including 89 children under the age of 10.
Mail service was brought once a day by stagecoach from Vernon Center, which was the post office and place for voting for the town. In 1837, according to old records, "an amateurish notice was posted on the Rock Mill announcing a public meeting in the lecture room of the village to decide in a democratic way the most suitable name for the vicinity". In order to have their own post office the town needed a permanent name.
Simon Chapman, who ran a boarding house for mill workers, submitted the name "Rockville" as common expression understood by the surrounding areas was "Going to the Rock". Thus, Rockvillle became the official name. It was not until 1842, however, that Rockville actually acquired its own post office.
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Rockville Historic District
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| Location: | Roughly bounded by Snipsic St., Davis Ave., West and South Sts., Rockville, Connecticut |
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| Area: | 550 acres (220 ha) |
| Architect: | Platt,Charles A. et al |
| Architectural style: | Greek Revival, Late Victorian, Classical Revival |
| Governing body: | Local |
| NRHP Reference#: | 84001173[1] |
| Added to NRHP: | September 13, 1984 |
Most of Rockville has been designated as part of the Rockville Historic District. The district is roughly bounded by Shenipsit Street, Davis Avenue, West Street and South Street was added in 1984 to the National Register of Historical Places. The district includes 842 buildings and one other structure. It includes examples of Greek Revival, Late Victorian, and Classical Revival architecture. The historic district includes 842 buildings and one other structure over 550 acres (2.2 km2).[1]
Buildings of architectural or historic interest in Rockville include:
Elm Street, Park Street, and one block of Prospect Street surround a small town park named Talcott Park. The houses represent a variety of Victorian architectural styles ranging from early nineteenth century Greek Revival through the Gothic Revival and Italianate styles down to the Victorian eclecticism of the 1880s and 1890s. The mill owners usually built their houses in the downtown area.
The surviving buildings grouped around Central Park are a continuing reminder of the wealth brought by the woolen industry and the town's aspirations to be a leading city in the state during the 19th century.
On or about November 1, 2007, the light fixtures that sat beside the library steps were stolen. Both fixtures were made of copper shaped into globes. They weighed over one hundred pounds each and were installed as part of the original construction.
The Kellogg House had been used by the State Department of Children and Families to house troubled youth under a contract with Community Solutions, Inc. This arrangement ended on May 2, 2006 after a long history of documented mismanagement by both agencies. The facility is now used for adult transitional housing.
As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 7,708 people, 3,456 households, and 1,731 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 4,448.1 people per square mile (1,720.3/km2). There were 3,824 housing units at an average density of 2,206.7 per square mile (853.4/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 82.89% White, 7.75% African American, 0.40% Native American, 3.18% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 2.37% from other races, and 3.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.21% of the population.
There were 3,456 households out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.3% were married couples living together, 15.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 49.9% were non-families. 40.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 3.02.
In the CDP the population was spread out with 26.0% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 34.8% from 25 to 44, 16.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $32,444, and the median income for a family was $37,955. Males had a median income of $31,937 versus $25,661 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,896. About 10.5% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.7% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.
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